论文部分内容阅读
以粳稻品种空育131为试材,研究不同钾肥用量对其产量构成和品质性状的影响,为寒地水稻生产的合理施肥提供依据。结果表明,施用钾肥显著提高了有效穗数、穗粒数、稻谷产量和整精米率,降低了垩白粒率和胚乳直链淀粉含量,而对结实率、千粒重、糙米率、垩白面积和垩白度的影响较小;施钾使胚乳中总氮和蛋白氮含量增加,并提高蛋白氮比例,改善营养品质;施钾降低了糊化开始温度、冷胶黏度、回复值和消减值,提高了最高黏度、热浆黏度和崩解值,各特征值以回复值受影响最大。钾肥对水稻产量构成、品质指标及淀粉黏滞性谱特性的影响,在一定的范围内随施用量增加变化较明显,达到一定用量后继续增施钾肥效应减弱;试验条件下,以90.0kghm-2K2O的施用量较佳。
Taking the japonica rice variety “Kongyu 131” as test material, the effects of different amounts of potash fertilizer on yield components and quality traits were studied, which provided the basis for rational fertilization in cold paddy rice production. The results showed that application of potassium fertilizer significantly increased the effective spikes, grains per spike, rice yield and milled rice rate, decreased the chalky grain rate and endosperm amylose content, while the seed setting rate, grain weight, brown rice rate, chalkiness area and Chalkiness had little effect. Potassium increased the content of total nitrogen and protein nitrogen in endosperm and increased the proportion of protein and nitrogen, and improved the nutritional quality. Potassium application reduced the gelatinization onset temperature, cold glue viscosity, recovery value and destructive value , Increased the highest viscosity, hot slurry viscosity and disintegration values, the eigenvalues to the reply value is the most affected. The effects of potash fertilizer on the yield components, quality indexes and starch viscosity characteristics of rice were more obvious with the increase of application rate within a certain range. When potassium fertilizer was added up to a certain amount, the effect of potassium fertilizer was weakened. Under the test conditions, the effects of 90.0kghm- 2K2O application rate is better.