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孔子一生慎重行礼,以为立身行事之准据,即使在颠沛流离之际,亦坚持传授礼并依礼行事。但礼以“随时”为要,《礼记·檀弓》中,孔子却屡行商制;又“适度”为行礼之准,《檀弓》中又偶见孔子之随性行礼、漠视成规;再观《檀弓》中,孔子“不知父墓”、“预言死期”、“默许失礼”等记载,则《礼记·檀弓》中的孔子形象,应该值得我们探讨留意。若以《檀弓》中孔子“非圣形象”观之,或就《檀弓》记孔子行事却杂有道家、法家之说,再参以战国时期其他典籍,或亦可为《檀弓》成书于战国中后期之佐证。
Confucius’s cautious life salute, that act as a justification act, even when the displaced are also insisting on teaching and acting according to ceremony. However, the courtesy of “at any time”, “Confucius” in “Book of Rites Tan Gong”, but Confucianism is repeated commercial system; and “moderate ” for the standard of salute, , Indifferent to the rules; again, “Tan Gong”, Confucius “I do not know the tomb ”, “prophecy death ”, “acquiescence fool ” and other records, Should deserve our exploration and attention. If the “Tan Gong” in the Confucius “non-holy image ” view, or “Tan Gong” in mind the Confucius Act miscellaneous Taoist, legalists say, then refer to other classics in the Warring States Period, or “ Tan Gong ”book in the Warring States in the late evidence.