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目的为了保障放射工作人员的健康,观察长期接触小剂量照射对放射工作人员的影响,为职业病诊断提供基础资料。方法应用前瞻性流行病学研究方法,对大连市从事医用X射线工作人员进行4年的观察研究分析内在变化及影响因素,同时选取非接触射线的人群进行对照。结果医用X射线工作人员神经衰弱综合征、手部损伤发生率、眼晶体混浊、及外周血象、微核异常率及染色体畸变率等指标明显高于对照组,经统计学分析,差异有统计学意义。结论长期小剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员健康具有一定的影响,加强放射防护工作,定期健康监护,贯彻职业病防治法对保证放射工作人员健康与安全尤为重要。
Objective To ensure the health of radiation workers and to observe the impact of long-term exposure to radiation workers on low-dose exposure and to provide basic information for the diagnosis of occupational diseases. Methods A prospective epidemiological study was conducted to evaluate the inherent changes and influencing factors of medical X-ray workers in Dalian City during the past four years. At the same time, the non-contact radiations were selected for comparison. Results Medical X-ray staff neurasthenic syndrome, the incidence of hand injury, ocular opacification, and peripheral blood, micronucleus anomalous rate and chromosome aberration rate and other indicators were significantly higher than the control group, the statistical analysis, the difference was statistically significant significance. Conclusion Long-term low-dose ionizing radiation has some effects on the health of radiation workers. It is especially important to strengthen the work of radiological protection, regular health surveillance and implementation of the occupational disease prevention and control law to ensure the health and safety of radiation workers.