大肠癌治疗的主要手段目前还是外科手术为主。但由于早期诊断尚有困难,近30年来外科根治术后的5年生存率一般仍仅在30％～60％之间分析外科不能再提高大肠癌的生存率的原因为:(1)多数病例病变已超越肠腔,有淋巴结转移者可达40～60％,(2)单纯外科手术后的病人有21～50％发生局部复发,(3)未经放射治疗的中晚期病人,可能手术引起医源性肿瘤扩散,(4) The main means of treatment for colorectal cancer is still surgery-based. However, due to the difficulties of early diagnosis, the 5-year survival rate after surgical radical resection in the past 30 years is still only between 30% and 60%. The reasons for the fact that surgery can no longer improve the survival rate of colorectal cancer are: (1) Most cases Lesions have gone beyond the intestine, with lymph node metastasis up to 40 to 60%, (2) 21 to 50% of local recurrences after surgery alone, (3) Mid-late patients who have not undergone radiation therapy, may be caused by surgery Iatrogenic tumor spread, (4)