论文部分内容阅读
小麦的产量,从广义来說包括两个部分,即生物产量和經济产量。生物产量系指植株地上部的总干物重,經济产量系指籽实部分重量。一般情况下,生物产量是經济产量的基础,总干重愈高,籽实产量也愈高。小麦干物质积累虽然整个生育期都在进行,但苗期干物质积累很慢,积累盛期主要在拔节以后。据河北省邯郸专区农业科学研究所(以下簡称邯郸所)調查:从出苗到拔节約三个月,占全生育期五分之三时間(越冬期未計在內),所积累的干物质(指主茎)只占全生育期总干重的12%左右。拔节后干物质急剧上升,从拔节到抽穗約一个月的时間,只占全生育期五分之一时間,所积累的干物质却占总干重的43%,形成小麦第一个干物质积累盛期。从抽穗到成熟也是一个月时間,所积累的干物质約占总干重的45%,形成第二个干物质积累盛期,可見从拔节至抽穗和从抽穗至成熟,是增加干物质积累的两个关键时期。
The production of wheat, broadly speaking, consists of two parts, biological yield and economic yield. Biomass yield refers to the total dry weight of the shoots above the plant, and the economic yield refers to the weight of the seed portion. In general, biological production is the basis of economic output, the higher the total dry weight, the higher the seed yield. Although the dry matter accumulation of wheat is going through the whole growth period, the accumulation of dry matter at the seedling stage is very slow. The accumulation peak is mainly after jointing. According to the Handan Prefecture, Hebei Province Institute of Agricultural Sciences (hereinafter referred to Handan) survey: pull out from the emergence of about three months, accounting for three-fifths of the entire growth period (overwintering period not included), the accumulated dry Material (referring to the main stem) only accounts for about 12% of the total dry weight of the whole growth period. After the jointing, the dry matter increased sharply, about one month from jointing to heading, accounting for only one fifth of the whole growth period, but the accumulated dry matter accounted for 43% of the total dry weight, forming the first dry matter of wheat Accumulation of material accumulation. From heading to maturity is also a month’s time, the accumulated dry matter accounts for about 45% of the total dry weight, forming the second dry matter accumulation period, showing that from jointing to heading and from heading to maturity, is to increase dry matter accumulation The two key period.