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目的研究妊娠期大气污染暴露对早产的影响。方法利用上海市某区2013年出生监测系统收集孕产妇基本情况和新生儿出生信息,3种大气污染物(SO_2、NO_2、PM_(10))暴露数据来自该区环境监测中心提供的逐日平均浓度。在控制早产的各类影响因素后,应用logistic回归模型评价大气污染物对早产的影响。结果该研究共纳入孕满28周的单胎活产新生儿38 083例,其中早产1 782例。新生儿性别、出生胎次、出生产次、有无畸形、分娩季节、母亲年龄、母亲文化程度和母亲户籍等多个因素与早产有关。孕晚期、孕期SO_2和PM_(10)暴露对早产有影响,OR值分别为1.07(95%CI:1.06~1.08)、1.16(95%CI:1.11~1.21)、1.03(95%CI:1.02~1.03)和1.04(95%CI:1.03~1.06),NO_2仅在孕晚期暴露时增加早产风险,OR值为1.04(95%CI:1.03~1.05)。结论该区大气污染物SO_2、NO_2、PM_(10)暴露与早产有关。
Objective To study the influence of exposure to air pollution during pregnancy on preterm labor. Methods The basic information of maternal and newborn birth information was collected by a district monitoring system in Shanghai in 2013. The data of exposure to three kinds of air pollutants (SO 2, NO 2 and PM 10) come from the average daily concentration provided by the environmental monitoring center . After controlling various influencing factors of preterm labor, the influence of air pollutants on preterm labor was evaluated by logistic regression model. Results A total of 38 083 singleton live births were enrolled in the 28 weeks of pregnancy, with 1 782 preterm births. Neonatal gender, birth parity, births, with or without deformity, childbirth season, the age of the mother, mother’s education and mother’s family register and many other factors related to preterm birth. In the third trimester of pregnancy, the prenatal exposure to SO_2 and PM_ (10) during pregnancy had effects on preterm birth, with ORs of 1.07 (95% CI: 1.11-1.21), 1.03 (95% CI: 1.02-1.08) 1.03) and 1.04 (95% CI: 1.03-1.06). NO 2 increased the risk of preterm birth only during the third trimester of pregnancy. The odds ratio was 1.04 (95% CI: 1.03-1.05). Conclusion The exposure of SO_2, NO_2 and PM_ (10) to the air pollutants in this area is related to premature delivery.