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《资本论》的研究的最终目的,是要揭示资本主义社会的经济运动的规律,揭示资本主义关系的发生、发展及其必然灭亡的规律.所以马克思应用于《资本论》的方法,是依照逻辑而不是依照历史,即所帮逻辑的方法.但是,马克思主义的逻辑的方法和历史的方法之间在本质上是一致的,一方面,马克思主义的逻辑的方法,总是以现实的历史过程为基础的,逻辑的东西只能从历史的现实材料中概括而来;另一方面,作为马克思主义的历史的方法,也不能是在事物的客观规律性和逻辑性之外来描述历史,不能只是从历史的表面的混乱现象中描逾历史.因为无论是逻辑的方法或者历史的方法,当作一种科学的方法,总是要以揭示事物中的客观规律性为己任.不过,由于研究的任务不同,又使它们成为两种不同的方法,写一本历史唯物主义的教科书,应该是逻辑的方法;写一本中国通史,应该是历史的方法,但历史的编写又决不能脱离历史唯物主义的逻辑的指导.所以说,逻辑的方法和历史的方法在本质上是一致的.马克思应用于《资本论》中的方法,不仅为我们提供了逻辑的方法,同时也为我们指示了历史的方法.特别是教导我们怎样把握和分析历史现象,以及怎样揭示历史现象中的联系和区别等等,为我们提供了把握历史现象的理论武器.
The ultimate goal of the study of “capitalism” is to reveal the laws of the economic movement in capitalist society and to reveal the law of the occurrence, development and inevitable demise of capitalist relations.So Marx’s method of applying “capitalism” is based on But not in accordance with the history, that is, the logic of help .However, the Marxist logical method and the historical method are essentially the same. On the one hand, the Marxist method of logic is always based on realistic history Process-based and logical things can only be summarized from historical material; on the other hand, as a method of Marxist history, we can not describe history beyond the objective regularity and logic of things, It merely traces history from the superficial chaos, because as a scientific method, no matter it is a logical method or a historical method, it is always necessary to reveal the objective regularity in things.However, as the research Have different tasks and make them two different ways. Writing a textbook of historical materialism should be a logical method. Writing a general history of China should This is a method of history, but history can never be written out of the guidance of the historical materialism logic, so that the method of logic and the method of history are essentially the same.Marx used in “capital” Not only provides us with a logical method but also shows us the methods of history, and especially teaches us how to grasp and analyze the historical phenomena and how to reveal the connections and differences in the historical phenomena. It provides us with the opportunity to grasp the historical phenomena The theoretical weapon.