在新课改以及素质教育的推进下,小学数学课堂教学也面临着大幅度的改革,教师开始注重学生的主体性,并在教学中能够关注与学生的互动,但是这种互动形式仍然是以教师提问,学生回答的形式为主,无法提升学生的质疑意识和能力。因此为了能够更好地培养学生的数学学科素养,提升学生的质疑能力,还需要教师不断的完善教学方式。本文主要对学生数学学科素养——质疑能力的培养进行阐述。学生核心素养的培养是21世纪新课改中提出的关键 Under the new curriculum reform and quality education, elementary mathematics classroom teaching also faces a drastic reform. Teachers begin to pay attention to the students’ subjectivity and can pay attention to the interaction with students in teaching. However, this interactive form is still based on Teacher questions, the main form of student answers, can not enhance students’ sense of challenge and ability. Therefore, in order to better cultivate students ’mathematics accomplishment and improve students’ ability of questioning, teachers also need continuous improvement of teaching methods. This paper mainly expounds the cultivation of students’ mathematical literacy and questioning ability. The cultivation of students’ core literacy is the key point raised in the new curriculum reform in the 21st century