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技术、生产、分配与消费之间的关系是古典政治经济学的核心。对环境问题的讨论可以追溯到上个世纪,但是直到形势的发展使综合考察成为可能时为止,一直没有把上述诸因素作为一个有机的整体来加以研究。技术评估是从本世纪60年代起发展起来的一种对策,它包括环境问题。摆在我们面前的是一个处于经济学、社会学和自然科学边缘上的问题。仍在形成过程中的理论必须考虑到这些不同的方面。最近社会学界展开了关于风险(贝克,杜克洛斯)或灾害之概念的辩论。这些努力虽然非常切题,但其方法太偏窄,具有“唯社会学”的意味,即过分重视纯社会学的说理。本文提出,劳动以及技术、生产和消费形式,包括环境问题的解决,继续是社会的核心问题。
The relationship between technology, production, distribution and consumption is the core of classical political economy. The discussion of environmental issues dates back to the last century, but it has not been studied as an organic whole until the development of the situation has made comprehensive investigations possible. Technical assessment is a countermeasure developed since the 1960s, which includes environmental issues. Before us lies a question that is at the verge of economics, sociology and the natural sciences. Theories that are still in the process of being formed must take these different aspects into consideration. Sociological societies recently debated the concept of risk (Baker, Ducos) or disasters. Although these efforts are very specific, their methods are so narrow that they have the meaning of “only sociology”, that is, paying too much attention to pure sociology. This paper argues that labor, as well as technology, production and consumption patterns, including the resolution of environmental problems, continue to be central to society.