Tourette综合征(简称TS)是一种起病于儿童,临床表现以头面部、肢体或躯干部的多发性肌肉抽动与爆发状不自主发声或猥亵言语等为特征的锥体外系疾病。虽然其病因迄今未明,但最近神经药理学和神经生物化学方面的研究,使人们对中枢神经递质在TS发病机理中的作用有了一些新的认识。一、多巴胺(DA) 1961年Seignot首先应用多巴胺受体阻滞剂氟哌啶醇治疗TS,取得了明显的效果;继后Chapel(1964年)和Stevens(1966年)同样得到了类似结果。应用多巴胺激动剂在动物身上能产生突发、反复的定型肌肉运动等一系列酷似TS的症状和体征。 Tourette syndrome (TS) is a type of extrapyramidal disease characterized by multiple muscular twitching and explosive involuntary vocalizations or lewd speech in children with clinical manifestations characterized by head and face, limbs or trunk. Although its etiology is unknown so far, recent studies in neuropharmacology and neurobiochemistry have led to some new insights into the role of CNS neurotransmitters in the pathogenesis of TS. First, dopamine (DA) 1961 Seignot first dopamine blocker haloperidol treatment of TS, achieved significant results; followed by Chapel (1964) and Stevens (1966) also received similar results. Application of dopamine agonists in animals can produce sudden, repeated stereotyped muscle movement and a series of symptoms and signs similar to TS.