近数十年来,各国人民与传染病的斗争已取得丰硕的成果。1980年宣告全世界消灭天花,这是人类利用人工免疫方法在全球范围内首次取得的一项伟大胜利。各种细菌性传染病的病死率大幅度下降,则与本世纪40年代起抗生素、磺胺药的发现与发展有密切关系。然而,随着近代有关学科新理论、新技术的发展 In recent decades, the peoples of all countries have achieved fruitful results in the fight against communicable diseases. The declaration of the world’s eradication of smallpox in 1980 was the first great victory mankind made using artificial immunization globally for the first time. The mortality rate of various bacterial infectious diseases dropped significantly, then with the 40s of this century antibiotics, sulfa drugs are closely related to the discovery and development. However, with the development of new theories and new technologies in modern times,