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目的了解咸阳市风疹的流行病学特征,为预防控制风疹提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对咸阳市2005—2012风疹发病情况进行分析。结果咸阳市2005—2012年共报告风疹958例,发病率介于0.52/10万~5.88/10万之间。全年各月均有发病,4—6月为发病高峰。发病以学生为主,占病例总数的52.82%;其次为散居和托幼儿童,分别占病例总数的19.31%和14.61%。发病年龄主要集中于0~14岁托幼童和中小学生年龄组,占病例总数的75.26%。发病男女性别比为1.21∶1。结论近年来咸阳市风疹发病率呈上升趋势,为有效保护重点人群,有必要调整目前风疹疫苗免疫策略,采取2剂次疫苗常规接种,并做好育龄期妇女风疹疫苗接种和风疹病毒血清学监测工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Xianyang City and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of rubella. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence of rubella in 2005-2009 in Xianyang City. Results A total of 958 cases of rubella were reported in Xianyang City from 2005 to 2012, with the incidence ranging from 0.52 / 100000 to 5.88 / 100000. The incidence of each month throughout the year, 4-June peak incidence. The incidence was student-based, accounting for 52.82% of the total number of cases; followed by diaspora and kindergarten children, accounting for 19.31% and 14.61% of the total cases respectively. Age of onset mainly concentrated in the age group of children aged 0-14 and primary and secondary school, accounting for 75.26% of the total number of cases. Incidence of male to female ratio was 1.21: 1. Conclusion In recent years, the incidence of rubella in Xianyang City is on an upward trend. In order to effectively protect key populations, it is necessary to adjust the current immunization strategy of rubella vaccine and routinely inoculate 2 doses of vaccine and do rubella vaccination and rubella serological surveillance in women of childbearing age jobs.