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本文分析了我国南方稻区不同年代育成并大面积推广的23个早籼品种产量及农艺性状的演变趋势。结果表明：在早籼品种更替中，单株产量、每穗粒数、结实率显著提高；生育期延长、植株增高；单株有效穗数、主穗长、千粒重和叶片长宽趋于稳定。决定早籼品种单株产量的主要因素是每穗粒数。育种上，应主攻穗粒数，适当增加株高和穗长，在增加株高的同时，重点对基部节间的有效选择，以增强抗倒性。
In this paper, the evolution trend of yield and agronomic traits of 23 indica rice cultivars bred and popularized in different years in southern China were analyzed. The results showed that the yield per plant, the number of grains per panicle and the seed setting rate were significantly increased in the early indica variety alternation; the growth period was prolonged and the plant height was increased; the effective panicle number per plant, the main spike length, the 1000-grain weight and the leaf length and width tended to be stable. The main factor that determines the yield of early Indica rice is the number of grains per panicle. Breeding, should focus on the number of grains per spike, an appropriate increase in plant height and spike length, while increasing plant height, focusing on the effective selection of the basal internodes to enhance lodging resistance.