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森铁筑路和养护需要大量的劳力,因此需要机械化。在森铁筑路和养护作业中最费劳力的是起道和铺碴。据调查,它们的工作量占整个道路工作的35～60%。在手工作业条件下,一个工人一天铺不了20米。苏联有关部门研制了带拨道机的枕木捣固机和起道铺碴机。它们都由一人操纵。技术性能如表1养路队使用枕木捣固机儿乎可完成全部日常养路作业,如拨道、捣固枕木、固定夹板螺栓、钉道钉、换枕木等。使用起道机实现了投配道碴、起道铺碴、修整道床边坡和填垫枕木间隔作业机械化。应用枕木捣固机和起道机使起道和铺碴作业生产率提高7～8倍。一个工人的平均班产量,捣固枕木提高到60～70米,起道提
Mori railway construction and maintenance require a lot of labor and therefore need mechanization. The most labor-intensive work on Mori-no-Mori Road construction and maintenance is the start-up and ballasting. According to the survey, their work accounts for 35 to 60% of the total road work. Under manual conditions, a worker can not shop 20 meters a day. Relevant departments of the Soviet Union developed a sleeper tamping machine with track lacing machine and a ballast lapper. They are all manipulated by one person. Technical performance As shown in Table 1, the road maintenance team can use pillow sleepers to complete all routine road maintenance operations, such as dialing, tamping sleepers, fixing splint bolts, nail spikes and sleepers. The use of a road machine to achieve the ballast ballast, ballast ballasting, paving the bed slope and padding sleeper interval mechanization. Application of sleepers tamper and hoist to lift and ballast operations productivity increased 7 to 8 times. The average production of a worker, tamping sleepers increased to 60 to 70 meters, starting from the mention