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目的调查广州社区中老年人群膳食血糖负荷(GL)现状,分析不同糖代谢状态中老年人群GL的特点。方法选取自愿参与本次研究的40~79岁广州常住居民,应用连续3 d 24 h膳食回顾法,计算全天膳食GL(DGL)、单位能量GL(GL/Mcal)和各餐次GL,并分析GL的食物来源。结果纳入本次研究的广州社区中老年居民1926例,(男570、女1356,各占29.6%、70.4%)。糖耐量正常(NGT)1010例(52.4%),糖调节受损(IGR)586例(30.4%),糖尿病(DM)330例(17.1%)。每日膳食DGL为183.1±52.5,早、午、晚和加餐提供的GL比例分别为25.8%、34.4%、33.4%和6.4%;男性DGL(219.6±55.2)显著高于女性(167.8±42.8)(P<0.05);IGR人群DGL(197.8±52.6)显著高于NGT人群(177.3±50.9)和DM人群(174.8±51.8,P<0.05)。每日膳食GL/Mcal为96.6±15.9,男性GL/Mcal(103.4±15.7)显著高于女性(93.8±15.1,P<0.05);IGR人群GL/Mcal(100.5±14.7)和DM人群GL/Mcal(96.9±17.0)显著高于NGT人群(94.3±15.7,P<0.05)。87.2%膳食GL来源于中高GI的粮谷类食物。结论不同糖代谢状态人群膳食GL存在显著差异,其中IGR人群DGL和GL/Mcal高于NGT和DM人群。
Objective To investigate the status of dietary glycemic load (GL) in middle-aged and elderly people in Guangzhou community and to analyze the characteristics of GL in middle-aged and elderly people with different glucose metabolism status. Methods The residents aged from 40 to 79 in Guangzhou who volunteered to participate in this study were enrolled in this study. The daily diet GL (DGL), unit energy GL (GL / Mcal) and meal GL Analyze GL’s food sources. Results 1926 middle-aged and elderly residents in Guangzhou community were included in this study (male 570, female 1356, each accounting for 29.6% and 70.4% respectively). 1010 (52.4%) patients with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 586 patients (30.4%) with impaired glucose regulation (IGR) and 330 patients (17.1%) with diabetes mellitus (DM) The daily dietary DGL was 183.1 ± 52.5 and the GL rates were 25.8%, 34.4%, 33.4% and 6.4% for morning, afternoon and evening, respectively. The DGL in male was significantly higher than that in female (167.8 ± 42.8) ) (P <0.05). The DGL in IGR group (197.8 ± 52.6) was significantly higher than that in NGT population (177.3 ± 50.9) and DM population (174.8 ± 51.8, P <0.05). The daily GL / Mcal was 96.6 ± 15.9, GL / Mcal was significantly higher in men than in women (103.4 ± 15.7, 93.8 ± 15.1, P <0.05); GL / Mcal (96.9 ± 17.0) was significantly higher than that of NGT (94.3 ± 15.7, P <0.05). 87.2% of dietary GL is derived from cereals of medium and high GI. Conclusions There are significant differences in dietary GL among different glycometabolism groups, of which DGL and GL / Mcal are higher in IGR than in NGT and DM.