肾小管性酸中毒主要是由于远端肾小管排泌氢的功能障碍,以致钠和氢离子的交换减少,尿液不能酸化,血浆碳酸氢盐降低,血氯增加,产生高氯性酸中毒;而肾小球功能一般正常。本病临床表现多样复杂,常引起慢性代谢性酸中毒,水、电解质代谢紊乱和出现骨骼疼痛、尿路结石及尿路感染等常见症状,容易延误诊断。若能早期诊断、早期治疗则可预防本病的发展,特别是防止骨骼畸形、病理性骨折、肾结石、钙化肾、慢性肾功衰竭等严重并发症的发生。因此在诊断和治疗上具有特殊意义。本文报告一例,并结合复习有关报导进行讨论。 Renal tubular acidosis is mainly due to dysfunction of excretion of hydrogen in distal tubules, resulting in the exchange of sodium and hydrogen ions reduced, urine can not be acidified, decreased plasma bicarbonate, increased blood chlorine, resulting in high chloride acidosis; The glomerular function is generally normal. The clinical manifestations of this disease are diverse and complex, often causing chronic metabolic acidosis, water and electrolyte metabolism disorder and the emergence of bone pain, urinary tract stones and urinary tract infections and other common symptoms, easy to delay diagnosis. If early diagnosis, early treatment can prevent the development of the disease, especially to prevent the occurrence of serious complications such as skeletal deformities, pathological fractures, kidney stones, calcified kidney, chronic renal failure. Therefore, in the diagnosis and treatment of special significance. This article reports a case, and combined with the review of the report for discussion.