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本文通过对甘肃平凉地区窑洞采光的具体测量,分析了采光影响因素,提出了改善采光的设计方法和改造措施。首先,参考不同窑洞的照度,综合分析了光气候、窑洞朝向、口部构造、窑内空间设计、窑洞进深及窑内表面材料光反射等因素对采光量的制约。其次,完善适用于窑洞的天空照度模型,提出了窑内工作面综合照度公式,计算分析表明室外环境是影响采光的首要因素,采光口高度、透光材料及窑内表面反光材料对采光量的影响较大。最后,提出了窑洞在选址、设计、施工和室内装饰等方面的改善措施。
Based on the concrete measurement of tunnel lighting in Pingliang area of Gansu, this paper analyzes the influencing factors of lighting and puts forward the design method and improvement measures to improve lighting. First of all, with reference to the illumination of different cave dwellings, the restriction of the amount of daylighting on the climatic conditions, the direction of the cave, the structure of the mouth, the design of the kiln space, the depth of the cave and the light reflection of the surface material inside the kiln are comprehensively analyzed. Secondly, perfecting the sky illumination model suitable for the cave, put forward the comprehensive illuminance formula of the kiln face, the calculation and analysis show that the outdoor environment is the primary factor affecting the light, the height of the light port, the light-transmitting material and the surface of the kiln reflective material on the amount of light Greater impact. Finally, the improvement measures of site selection, design, construction and interior decoration are put forward.