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目的了解广东省惠州地区手足口病的流行现状及流行病学特征。方法按发病日期对疾病监测信息直报管理系统中2012年1月—2014年12月惠州市手足口病病例进行回顾性分析。结果 2012年1月—2014年12月惠州市共报告手足口病75 424例;其中2012年发病21 770例,2013年发病24 064例,2014年发病29 590例。男性45 420例(60.22%),女性30 004例(39.78%),男女性别比为1.51∶1;2012—2014年手足口病的性别构成均表现为男性高于女性,各年份间差异有统计学意义(χ2=24.184,P<0.001)。发病主要发生在0~4岁儿童,有66 868例,占88.66%;其中1岁年龄段发病人数最多,23 835例,占31.60%。惠城区、惠东县、博罗县发病人数最多,分别占34.86%、21.76%、19.42%;其中惠城区、惠东县发病例数从2012年至2014年呈逐年增加的趋势。病例分布以散居儿童为主,共62 299例(82.60%),其中散居儿童的发病例数从2012年至2014年呈逐年增加的趋势。结论惠州地区手足口病人群、时间、地区分布特征明显,0~4岁儿童为手足口病高发人群,男性发病高于女性,发病以散居儿童为主,人口密度更大的惠城区、惠东县是高发地区。
Objective To understand the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Huizhou, Guangdong Province. Methods According to the date of onset, the cases of hand-foot-mouth disease in Huizhou were retrospectively analyzed from January 2012 to December 2014 in the disease monitoring information direct management system. Results A total of 75 424 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in Huizhou from January 2012 to December 2014, of which 21 770 cases were reported in 2012, 24 064 cases in 2013 and 29 590 cases in 2014. There were 45 420 (60.22%) males and 30 004 females (39.78%) with a male / female ratio of 1.51: 1. The gender composition of hand-foot-mouth disease in 2012-2014 was higher in males than in females, with statistical differences between years Significance (χ2 = 24.184, P <0.001). The incidence mainly occurred in 0 to 4 years old children, 66,868 cases, accounting for 88.66%; of which the highest incidence of 1-year-old age group, 23,835 cases, accounting for 31.60%. Huicheng District, Huidong County and Boluo County accounted for 34.86%, 21.76% and 19.42% respectively, of which the incidence of cases in Huicheng District and Huidong County increased year by year from 2012 to 2014. The distribution of cases was mainly for scattered children, with a total of 62,299 cases (82.60%). The incidence of scattered children increased from 2012 to 2014 year by year. Conclusion The distribution characteristics of HFMD patients in Huizhou area are obvious. The children aged 0-4 years are high incidence of HFMD. The incidence of HFMD in women is higher than that in women. The prevalence of HFMD is higher in Huicheng District and Huidong County is a high incidence area.