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从社区到社会 从传统上说,“社区”和“社会”是两个截然不同的概念,前者以农村为代表,后者以城市为代表。德国社会学家滕尼斯在1887年提出这两个概念的时候,是以其社会关系的不同性质作为区分标准的。在农村社区普遍存在的是首属关系,具有熟悉、同情、信任、相互依赖和社会粘着等特征;而在城市社区占主导地位的则是次属关系,具有陌生、反感、不信任、独立和社
From community to society Traditionally, “community” and “society” are two very different concepts, the former being represented by the countryside and the latter by the cities. When the German sociologist Tengnis put forward these two concepts in 1887, they adopted the different nature of their social relations as the criterion of distinction. Commonality in rural communities is the relationship between the first genus, with the characteristics of familiarity, compassion, trust, interdependence and social bond. In urban communities, the subordinate relationship is the dominant one, with unfamiliar, disgusted, distrustful, independent and Society