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垂直炮孔堵塞长度对岩体爆破质量有直接影响。为获得最优堵塞长度的计算方法,首先分析了炮孔堵塞作用机理及堵塞物的运动过程,给出了计算爆生气体压力的公式,然后由爆生气体压力和堵塞物整体运动推导出了堵塞物加速度,对加速度进行简化处理,再由加速度推导出了堵塞物整体运动时间与堵塞物位移的关系式,最后结合岩体破碎时间建立了计算垂直炮孔堵塞物最优长度的理论模型。进行了不同堵塞长度的爆破效果试验,试验结果表明,堵塞长度为0.55 m时,爆破效果是最好的;得到了爆破质量随堵塞长度的变化规律,在试验的爆破参数下通过理论模型计算出的最优堵塞长度是0.46 m,理论值与试验值十分接近,证明了理论模型的正确性和实用性。
Vertical blasthole plugging length has a direct impact on rock blasting quality. In order to obtain the optimal blockage length, the mechanism of blockage and the movement process of blockage were analyzed firstly. The formulas for calculating the pressure of the unburned gas were given. Then, the gas pressure and the total blockage of the block were deduced The acceleration of plugging is simplified and then the relation between the total movement time of plugging and the displacement of plugging is deduced from the acceleration. Finally, a theoretical model for calculating the optimal length of vertical plugging is established based on the breaking time of rock mass. The test results show that the blasting effect is the best when the plugging length is 0.55m. The variation of the blasting quality with the plugging length is obtained, and the theoretical model is used to calculate the blasting parameters under the experimental blasting parameters The optimal plugging length is 0.46 m, and the theoretical value is very close to the experimental value, which proves the correctness and practicability of the theoretical model.