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为更清楚地了解药物对神经元的损伤和保护作用，在体外对新生大鼠（０～１ｄ）海马神经细胞进行原代培养，建立了谷氨酸对原代培养海马神经细胞兴奋性神经毒损伤模型。通过检测神经细胞乳酸脱氢酶泄漏率和在相差显微镜下对神经细胞形态变化的观察，发现只有发育成熟的神经元对谷氨酸兴奋毒损伤最敏感，神经元的兴奋毒损伤对谷氨酸在一定范围内有剂量依赖性或接触时间依赖性关系，提示谷氨酸通过与其受体结合造成神经元兴奋毒损伤。
In order to know more about the damage and protection of neurons by drugs, primary cultured hippocampal neurons of neonatal rats (0 ~ 1d) were cultured in vitro, and the effect of glutamate on excitatory neurotoxicity of primary cultured hippocampal neurons Damage model. By detecting the leakage rate of lactate dehydrogenase and observing the morphological changes of nerve cells under the phase contrast microscope, it was found that only mature neurons were the most sensitive to glutamate excitotoxicity and the excitotoxicity of neurons to glutamic acid In a certain range of dose-dependent or time-dependent relationship, suggesting that glutamate by binding to its receptors cause neuronal excitotoxic injury.