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目的探讨原花青素(Procyanidins,PC)和褪黑素(Melatonin,MLT)对镉致大鼠亚慢性肾损伤的影响。方法实验用Wistar大鼠32只,雌雄各半,按体重随机分为4组。第1组为对照组,第2组为单纯染镉组,第3、4组为PC和MLT处理组。第1组每天皮下注射生理盐水,第2、3和4组分别皮下注射6μmol/kg CdCl2,连续注射6周。第7周开始第1、2组每天灌胃生理盐水,第3、4组灌胃200 mg/kg PC,连续灌胃2周。最后一次灌胃后将大鼠移入代谢笼收集18 h尿液,测定尿乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)活力和尿蛋白含量,之后乙醚麻醉,处死大鼠,切取肾脏,测定肾组织中丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力。结果亚慢性染镉使大鼠尿LDH、NAG活力和蛋白含量升高至对照组的15.2倍、3.0倍和1.8倍,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。肾皮质GSH、MDA含量分别升高到24.36和226.2 nmol/g,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),GSH-Px、SOD活力显著降低。与单纯染镉组比较,PC和MLT处理组尿LDH、NAG活力和蛋白含量显著下降,肾皮质GSH、MDA含量显著降低;GSH-Px、SOD活力显著升高(P<0.01)。结论PC和MLT处理对镉所致亚慢性肾氧化损伤的恢复具有一定的促进作用。
Objective To investigate the effects of procyanidins (PC) and melatonin (MLT) on subchronic renal injury induced by cadmium in rats. Methods 32 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups according to body weight. The first group was control group, the second group was pure cadmium group, the third and fourth groups were PC and MLT treatment group. Group 1 received daily subcutaneous injections of saline, groups 2, 3, and 4 received subcutaneous injections of 6 μmol / kg CdCl2 for 6 weeks. The rats in group 1 and group 2 were given gavage daily with saline at week 7, gavage 200 mg / kg PC in groups 3 and 4 for 2 weeks. After the last intragastric administration, the rats were transferred to the metabolic cage to collect urine for 18 h. The activity of urinary lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and urinary protein content were measured. The rats were sacrificed and the kidneys were removed for determination of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) )vitality. Results Subchronic Cd exposure increased the urinary LDH and NAG activities and protein contents of rats to 15.2, 3.0 and 1.8 times of the control group (P <0.01). The levels of GSH and MDA in renal cortex increased to 24.36 and 226.2 nmol / g, respectively, with statistical significance (P <0.01). The activities of GSH-Px and SOD were significantly decreased. Compared with pure cadmium group, the activities of LDH, NAG and protein in urine and urine of PC and MLT decreased significantly, and the levels of GSH and MDA in renal cortex decreased significantly. The activities of GSH-Px and SOD were significantly increased (P <0.01). Conclusions Both PC and MLT treatment can promote the recovery of subchronic renal oxidative damage induced by cadmium.