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目的使用指示细菌、病毒代替有传染性的细菌、病毒,研究实验操作产生的微生物气溶胶风险,为相关实验室活动的风险评估提供科学数据。方法负压实验室内用高浓度指示细菌和病毒(噬菌体)进行实验室中多种实验操作产生的气溶胶风险,包括高浓度吹吸混匀、高浓度培养瓶意外跌落、离心管破裂产生的气溶胶风险实验。安德森六级采样器主动采样和沉降平皿被动采样两种方法进行微生物气溶胶采样。根据采样结果得到各种实验操作产生的气溶胶风险。结果在模拟的各种正常和意外事故的实验室操作中,在模拟测试条件下高浓度气溶胶吹吸在局部环境中产生的细菌气溶胶风险最高浓度为1174菌落形成单位(CFU)/m~3、病毒气溶胶最高浓度为1058噬斑形成单位(PFU)/m~3,高浓度培养瓶破碎产生的细菌气溶胶风险最高浓度为7957 CFU/m~3、病毒为7942PFU/m~3,离心管破裂时产生的细菌气溶胶风险最高浓度为80 CFU/m~3、病毒为78 PFU/m~3。结论病原微生物实验操作中存在着产生很高微生物气溶胶的风险。实验人员要遵守操作规程,选择合适的防护装备。
Purpose To use the indicated bacteria and viruses instead of contagious bacteria and viruses to study the microbial aerosol risks arising from experimental operations and to provide scientific data on the risk assessment of related laboratory activities. Methods The negative pressure laboratory aerosol risk caused by a variety of laboratory experiments with high concentrations of indicator bacteria and viruses (phages), including the high concentration of blowing and mixing, high concentration flask accidental drop, centrifuge tube rupture Aerosol risk experiments. Anderson six sampler active sampling and subsidence plate passive sampling two methods for microbial aerosol sampling. According to the results obtained by sampling the aerosol risk of various experimental operations. Results In simulated laboratory operations of normal and accidental cases, the highest risk of bacterial aerosol produced by high concentration aerosol blow-up in a local environment under simulated test conditions was 1174 colony forming units (CFU) / m ~ The highest concentration of virus aerosol was 1058 plaque forming units (PFU) / m ~ 3. The highest concentration of bacterial aerosol caused by high concentration culture flask fragmentation was 7957 CFU / m ~ 3 and the virus was 7942 PFU / m ~ 3. The highest risk of bacterial aerosol produced by rupture of the centrifuge tube was 80 CFU / m 3 and the virus was 78 PFU / m 3. Conclusion There is a risk of producing very high microbial aerosols in the operation of pathogenic microorganisms. Laboratory personnel to comply with operating procedures, select the appropriate protective equipment.