小学科学课程的总目标是培养学生的科学素质,并应为他们继续学习和终身发展奠定良好的基础。科学学习要以探究为核心,探究既是科学学习的目标,又是科学学习的方式,因此,在科学课堂上有效地指导学生进行科学探究活动是培养和提高学生科学素养必不可少的教学过程。一、引导学生从身边的事物入手,提出探究的问题进行研究。依据科学课程标准的有关理念,在教学中要本着以学生为学习的主体,教师是学生科学探究过程中的引导者的原则,设计 The overall goal of the primary science curriculum is to foster the scientific quality of students and lay a good foundation for their continued study and lifelong development. Scientific study should take inquiry as the core. Inquiry is not only the goal of scientific study but also the way of scientific study. Therefore, it is an indispensable teaching process to train and improve students’ scientific literacy to effectively guide students in scientific inquiry activities in science class. First, to guide students from the things around them, put forward to explore the issue of research. According to the scientific curriculum standards related concepts, in teaching should be based on students as the main body of the study, the teacher is the student scientific inquiry process guide principle, design