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目的客观了解育龄期女性和0～6岁儿童麻疹风疹抗体水平及变化规律。方法采用分层抽样方法,随机抽取43名育龄期女性和103名非育龄期女性,以及183名0～6岁儿童,采集5 ml静脉血;应用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)法对血标本进行麻疹风疹IgG抗体水平检测。结果非育龄期女性麻疹抗体阳性率、保护率高于育龄期女性(χ2=10.780,P=0.001;χ2=4.821,P=0.028);非育龄期女性与育龄期麻疹抗体几何平均浓度(Geometric Mean Concentration,GMC)分别为1 962.10 mIU/ml(95%CI:1 239.71l～2 684.49mIU/ml)和1 174.00 mIU/ml(95%CI:774.63～1 573.37 mIU/ml);非育龄期女性和育龄期女性麻疹抗体保护率分别为66.02%和46.51%;婴儿3月龄后麻疹抗体水平下降明显,4～7月龄麻疹抗体水平最低,明显低于其他各年龄组,8月龄～6岁麻疹抗体维持在较高水平;有免疫较无免疫史抗体水平较高。结论 8月龄接种麻疹类疫苗效果显著;0～3月龄婴幼儿麻疹抗体维持在相对较高水平,4～7月龄麻疹胎传抗体衰减较快,8月龄～6岁婴幼儿麻疹抗体水平较高,与8月龄开始接种麻疹类疫苗以及近年麻疹类疫苗强化免疫有关;育龄期女性有必要接种麻疹疫苗。
Objective To objectively understand the measles and rubella antibody levels and changes in women of childbearing age and children aged 0-6 years. Methods Stratified sampling method was used to randomly select 43 women of childbearing age and 103 women of childbearing age as well as 183 children aged 0-6 years to collect 5 ml of venous blood. ELISA was performed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ) Method of blood samples for measles rubella IgG antibody levels. Results The positive rate and the protective rate of measles antibody in non-infertile women were higher than those in childbearing women (χ2 = 10.780, P = 0.001; χ2 = 4.821, P = 0.028) Concentration and GMC were 1 962.10 mIU / ml (95% CI: 1 239.71 1-2684.49 mIU / ml) and 1 174.00 mIU / ml (95% CI 774.63-1 573.37 mIU / ml respectively) And measles antibody protection rates of females of child-bearing age were 66.02% and 46.51% respectively. The levels of measles antibody in infants after 3 months of age were significantly lower than those of other age groups Measles-resistant antibodies to maintain a high level of immunity with no immune history of higher antibody levels. Conclusion The measles vaccine at 8 months of age was significantly effective. The measles antibody in 0-3 months old infants and young children remained at a relatively high level. The measles antibody at 4 ~ 7 months attenuated rapidly. The measles antibody in infants aged 8 months to 6 years High levels, with the 8-month-old measles vaccine inoculation and measles vaccine in recent years to strengthen the immune; women of childbearing age is necessary to vaccinate measles.