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目的了解北京地区孕早期妇女红细胞叶酸水平,探讨叶酸制剂适宜补充时间及剂量。方法以孕早期在北京市海淀区妇幼保健院营养门诊就诊孕妇作为调查对象,共3458人,末次月经2014年2月1日至2016年1月31日采用横断面调查方法,收集孕妇人口学特征数据、叶酸补充相关信息及相关临床数据。采用竞争结合受体测定方法测定红细胞叶酸水平。结果孕妇红细胞叶酸水平为(806.5±273.7)ng/mL,不同年龄组间红细胞叶酸水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);大学及以上文化程度组孕妇叶酸水平更高(P=0.030);家庭月收入>10 000元组孕妇显著高于其他各组(P<0.001);夏秋季较冬春季红细胞叶酸水平高(P<0.001);孕妇红细胞叶酸水平随着叶酸补充剂量、时间逐渐升高(P均<0.001)。以参考值1180nmol/L(521 ng/mL)评价,孕早期叶酸水平达标率为84.3%,且补充剂量400μg需要16周,而补充剂量≥600μg需要8周,即可有90%以上孕妇可达此标准。结论不同年龄、文化程度、家庭月收入间,孕妇红细胞叶酸水平不同。应依据不同红细胞叶酸水平指导叶酸补充时间及剂量。
Objective To understand the levels of erythrocyte folate in pregnant women in early pregnancy in Beijing and to explore the appropriate time and dosage of folic acid preparations. Methods In early pregnancy in Haidian District, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Hospital Nutrition outpatient visits pregnant women as a survey object, a total of 3458 people, the last menstrual period February 1, 2014 to January 31, 2016 using cross-sectional survey method to collect the characteristics of pregnant women Data, folic acid supplementation related information and related clinical data. Erythrocyte folic acid levels were determined using competition-binding assay. Results The level of folic acid in pregnant women was (806.5 ± 273.7) ng / mL, and there was a significant difference in the level of erythrocytes between different age groups (P <0.001). The level of folic acid was higher in pregnant women with college education and above (P = 0.030). (P <0.001). The folic acid levels of erythrocytes in summer and autumn were higher than those in winter and spring (P <0.001). The level of folic acid in pregnant women with folic acid supplementation increased gradually (P <0.001). With a reference value of 1180 nmol / L (521 ng / mL), the compliance rate of folic acid level in early pregnancy was 84.3%, and the supplement dose of 400 μg needed 16 weeks, whereas the supplement dose of 600 μg needed 8 weeks and more than 90% of pregnant women were reachable This standard. Conclusion Different levels of pregnant women, red blood cells, folic acid levels vary with age, education level, family monthly income. Should be based on different levels of folic acid to guide folic acid supplementation time and dose.