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海洋地震勘探过程中,由于采集设备的老化或电源的不稳定而造成的漏电,在地震记录表现为强噪音干扰,利用常规噪音衰减方法处理此类强噪音效果并不理想。鉴于强噪音在统计学上具有相同的特性,本文在基于峰度的盲分离(blind source separation,BSS)算法研究基础上,推导出一种基于多用户峰度(multiuser kurtosis,MUK)准则的噪音衰减算法来估计地震记录中具有相同统计特性的强噪音,并将其从地震记录中分离,从而达到衰减强噪音的目的。模型试验与实际资料的处理表明:该方法能够在好的衰减海洋地震勘探记录中的强噪音,保留了更多的有效信息,提高海洋地震数据的信噪比,具有可行性和应用前景。
In the process of marine seismic exploration, the leakage caused by the aging of the collection equipment or the power supply is not strong enough to cause strong noise interference in the seismogram. It is not ideal to deal with such strong noise by the conventional noise attenuation method. In view of the fact that strong noises have the same statistical characteristics, this paper proposes a noise based on multiuser kurtosis (MUK) criterion based on the study of blind source separation (BSS) algorithm Attenuation algorithm to estimate seismic records with the same statistical characteristics of strong noise, and separated from the seismic records, so as to achieve the purpose of attenuating strong noise. The results of model test and actual data show that the proposed method can be used to attenuate the strong noise in marine seismic exploration records, retain more effective information and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of marine seismic data, which has the feasibility and application prospect.