读者“葡萄果”问:“原子核是如何被发现的?”我们知道,自1897年英国物理学家汤姆孙发现电子后,就颠破了原子是构成物质的最小单元的理论.原子应具有复杂的结构,其中电子是原子的组成部分.电子带负电且比原子小很多,而原子呈电中性状态.所以原子还一定具有带正电的组成部分.那么带负电的电子和带正电的组成部分是如何分布的呢?1904年汤姆孙提出了一个原子模型,即“西瓜模型”.他认为原子好似一个圆西瓜,西瓜瓤带 Readers “grapefruit” Q: “How was the nucleus discovered?” We know that since the discovery of electrons by English physicist Tom Sun in 1897, the theory that atoms are the smallest units that make up matter has been broken. Atoms should have a complex structure in which electrons are part of an atom. Electrons are negatively charged and much smaller than atoms, and atoms are electrically neutral, so atoms must also have positively charged components. Then the negatively charged electrons and How are the positively charged components distributed? In 1904 Thomson proposed an atomic model, “watermelon model.” He thought the atom resembles a circle of watermelon,