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目的了解乌鲁木齐市流行性腮腺炎流行现状及特征,为预防控制流行性腮腺炎提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学分析方法对乌鲁木齐市2011—2015年流行性腮腺炎疫情资料进行统计分析。结果 2011—2015年乌鲁木齐市共报告流行性腮腺炎病例9 118例,年均报告发病率55.4/10万,各年度流行性腮腺炎报告发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);全年均有病例报告,发病高峰为4—6月和11月至次年1月;发病年龄以5~9岁为主,发病率为556.97/10万;男性病例多于女性,男女发病比为1.52∶1;职业以学生、幼托和散居儿童为主,分别占流行性腮腺炎报告发病数的55.42%、23.24%、12.12%。结论学生和幼托儿童是流行性腮腺炎高发人群,学校和托幼机构是流腮高发场所,春末夏初和冬季呈发病高峰;应加强学校和托幼机构传染病防控工作;加强疫情监测,掌握流行性腮腺炎流行趋势和分布特征,做好暴发疫情的应急处理。
Objective To understand the prevalence and characteristics of mumps in Urumqi and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of mumps. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the epidemiological data of mumps from 2011 to 2015 in Urumqi. Results A total of 9 118 cases of mumps were reported in Urumqi from 2011 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 55.4 / 100 000. The incidence of mumps reported in each year was significantly different (P <0.01) There are case reports, the peak incidence of 4-June and November to January next year; the age of onset to 5 to 9-year-old, the incidence was 556.97 / 100,000; male cases more than women, male to female incidence ratio of 1.52 : 1; occupations were mainly students, kindergarten children and diasporas, accounting for 55.42%, 23.24% and 12.12% of the reported incidence of mumps respectively. Conclusions Students and kindergarten children are high mumps populations. Schools and nurseries are places with high incidence of mumps, with peak incidence in early summer and early summer in spring and spring. Prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools and kindergartens should be strengthened. To monitor and grasp the epidemic trend and distribution characteristics of mumps and do an emergency response to outbreaks.