18世纪的中国与欧洲,对待对方冷热迥异。当欧洲掀起对中国崇拜的“中国热”的同时,传播“中国热”的来华传教士主要功臣在中国的境况却每况愈下,遭到的待遇冷至极点。本文即以此为背景分析“中国热”中伏尔泰对中国文化的解读,以便更深入考察这一时期中西之间的互动。 In the 18th century, China and Europe treated each other differently. While Europe set off a “China hot” cult for China, the main contributor to China’s missionaries spreading “China’s heat” was deteriorating in China and its treatment was extremely cold. This article uses this as a background to analyze Voltaire’s interpretation of Chinese culture in “China’s Hotness” in order to examine in more depth the interaction between China and the West during this period.