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胃肠道粘膜经常遭受食物、饮料和消化液的物理性和化学性冲击。胃粘膜上皮细胞不断合成和释放前列腺素(PG),它们具有强烈的细胞保护作用。PG的这一作用是一个特有的独立的活性,不是由于其抗胃液分泌所致。PG还对肠上皮、胰、肝细胞具有保护作用。给予弱的损伤性刺激后,还可阻止随后给予的强刺激所造成的损伤,这称为“适应性细胞保护”,具有极为重要的生理意义。一些脑肠肽如生长柳素、胰多肽、神经降压素、脑啡肽等也有细胞保护作用。本文还对细胞保护作用的产生机制作了简述。
Gastrointestinal mucosa is often subjected to physical and chemical shocks of food, beverages and digestive juices. Gastric mucosal epithelial cells continually synthesize and release prostaglandins (PGs), which have a strong cytoprotective effect. This effect of PG is a unique and independent activity, not due to its resistance to gastric juice secretion. PG also has protective effect on intestinal epithelium, pancreas and liver cells. Given a weak traumatic stimulus, but also to prevent the subsequent strong stimulation caused by injury, which is called “adaptive cell protection”, has a very important physiological significance. Some brain gut peptides, such as the growth of urea, pancreatic peptides, neurotensin, enkephalin, also have cytoprotective effects. This article also made a brief description of the mechanism of cytoprotection.