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本文以「打つ」为研究对象,运用检索工具《小纳言》检索了《现代日语书面语均衡语料库》中「打つ」的用例,根据其语义进行了分类。通过实例分析,论述了“动作主体将力集中于手或物体,叩击、拍打某物。”这一语义是「打つ」的原型义,其他语义都是在此基础上派生而来。「打つ」的13个义项都具有:(1)动作主体(生物或非生物)、(2)对象物发生位置或性状变化、(3)动作主体以力为媒介使对象物发生改变这三个共同要素,在此基础上构建了囊括「打つ」所有义项的共通图式。
This article uses “snoring” as the research object, and uses the search tool “Little Na Yan” to search the use cases of “fighting” in the “Modern Japanese Written Language Equilibrium Corpus” and classifies them according to their semantics. Through case analysis, it is discussed that “the main body of the action focuses on the hand or the object and attacks or beats something.” This semantics is the prototype meaning of “hiccup”, and other semantics are derived from this basis. Each of the 13 meanings of “snoring” has: (1) the main body of the action (biological or abiotic), (2) the change in the position or character of the object, and (3) the movement of the subject as a medium to change the object Based on these common elements, a common schema that includes all the meanings of “hiccups” was constructed.