厄尔尼诺源于西班牙语,原意为“圣婴”。科学家采用赤道附近太平洋中东部平均海面温度“距平值”(指当前值与常年同期值之差)作为判定依据。当该海区海水表面温度持续3个月比常年同期偏高0.5℃时,表明已进入厄尔尼诺状态或者称为厄尔尼诺现象。当海水表面温度持续6个月比常年同期偏高0.5℃时,则确认为一次“厄尔尼 El Nino comes from Spanish, originally intended to be ”Infant“. Scientists use the average sea surface temperature in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific near the ”anomalous value“ (referring to the current value and the value of the same period) as the basis for determination. When the sea surface temperature in the sea area lasts for 3 months, 0.5 ° C above normal, it indicates that it has entered the El Niño state or is called the El Niño phenomenon. When the sea surface temperature for 6 months higher than the same period over the same period 0.5 ℃, then confirmed as ”El Ni