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[目的]探讨建筑条件、教室内在座人数和开门窗通风总面积(TVA)对室内空气质量的影响,为修订相关的卫生标准提供依据。[方法]2009年5月上旬,选取大连市城区高中中内廊、单内廊教学楼的各1栋,调查通风条件并比较其教室内二氧化碳浓度。[结果]检测35间足员教室,二氧化碳浓度合格的9间,合格率为25.71%,其中,中内廊、单内廊布局的教室合格率分别为26.67%、25.00%(P>0.05)。二氧化碳浓度合格教室的TVA为1.875±0.795m2,不合格教室的TVA为1.387±0.932m2(P>0.05)。检测4间空教室中,3间二氧化碳浓度不合格,TVA均≤0.50m2。[结论]开门窗通风总面积对学校教室空气质量有一定影响。是否单内廊设计、在座人数的影响则有限。
[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the influence of building conditions, the number of people in the classroom and the total area of open door and window ventilation (TVA) on the indoor air quality, and provide the basis for revising relevant health standards. [Methods] In early May, 2009, each of the inner corridors and single corridor teaching building in Dalian City High School was selected to investigate the ventilation conditions and compare the concentration of carbon dioxide in the classroom. [Results] Nineteen qualified classrooms were tested, and the qualified rate of carbon dioxide was 25.71%. Among them, the qualified rate of classrooms in middle corridor and single corridor layout were 26.67% and 25.00%, respectively (P> 0.05). The TVA of qualified classroom with carbon dioxide concentration was 1.875 ± 0.795m2, while that of unqualified classroom was 1.387 ± 0.932m2 (P> 0.05). Detection of four empty classrooms, three carbon dioxide concentrations failed, TVA are ≤ 0.50m2. [Conclusion] The total area of open door and window ventilation has certain influence on the air quality in school classrooms. Whether the single corridor design, the number of people present is limited.