用挤压铸造法制备硅酸铝短纤维（Ａｌ２Ｏ３·ＳｉＯ２）增强铝硅（ＡｌＳｉ）合金复合材料，测试了复合材料的室温及高温强度，并利用透射电镜观察了Ａｌ２Ｏ３·ＳｉＯ２纤维与ＡｌＳｉ合金基体界面．结果表明：３％～１０％的硅酸铝短纤维的加入使复合材料的室温及高温强度大大提高，在硅酸铝纤维与基体界面上存在两种反应物：一种物质是ＭｇＡｌ２Ｏ４，另一种物质含有Ｓｉ和Ｐ，且二者原子之比为３∶４，呈正交结构，点阵常数为ａ＝０．７１４ｎｍ，ｂ＝１．４２８ｎｍ，ｃ＝２．４０９ｎｍ． Aluminum silicate (Al-Si) alloy composites were prepared by extrusion casting method. The room temperature and high temperature strength of the composites were tested. The effects of Al2O3 · SiO2 fiber and Al  Si alloy matrix interface. The results show that the addition of 3% ~ 10% aluminum silicate short fibers greatly increases the room temperature and high temperature strength of the composites. There are two reactants at the interface between the aluminum silicate fibers and the matrix: one is MgAl2O4, the other Species containing Si and P, and the ratio of the two atoms is 3: 4, was orthogonal structure, the lattice constant of a = 0.714nm, b = 1.428nm, c = 2.409nm.