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在毛泽东一生的著述和讲话中,屡屡提到中国人口总数,且在不同的历史时期有不同的表述;总的趋势是过若干时间人口总数上一个台阶。本文先对毛泽东的人口表述作一历史的梳理和分析,然后藉此揭示毛泽东人口思想的若干侧面:从早年注重人口的质,转变到大革命时期及之后偏重人口的量;以人口的经济地位和政治素质,取代一般意义上的人口的质。最后分析了毛泽东人口思想转变的原因及其后果。
In Mao Zedong’s writings and speeches, he often referred to the total population of China with different expressions in different historical periods. The general trend was that after a certain period of time the total population had risen to a higher level. This paper first makes a historical review and analysis of Mao Zedong’s population representation, and then reveals several aspects of Mao Zedong’s population thought: from focusing on population quality in the early years to focusing on the population during the period of the Great Revolution and on the basis of population’s economic status and Political quality, to replace the general sense of the quality of the population. Finally, it analyzes the reasons and consequences of the change of Mao Zedong’s population.