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目的 了解社区丧偶老年人身心健康现状,分析饲养宠物对其的影响.方法 2019年8月～2020年4月,选取河南省南阳市第一人民医院直属社区卫生服务中心辖区社区内健康档案健全的老年人进行入户访谈调查.结果 社区丧偶老人244例,占老年人的35.47％,其中38.93％的老年人饲养宠物.丧偶老年人躯体健康得分为60.91±25.61分;精神社会健康得分为62.79±24.70分.多元线性回归分析显示,文化程度、是否用药、每天陪宠物时长、每天遛宠时长、因宠物与他人发生过不愉快、照护宠物日常生活是躯体健康的影响因素;是否用药、每天陪宠物时长、每天遛宠时长、因宠物与他人发生过不愉快、照护宠物日常生活是精神社会健康的影响因素.结论 饲养宠物可以改善丧偶老年人的身心健康状况,应适当提倡.“,”Objective To understand the current status of physical and mental health of the widowed elderly in the community, and to analyze the impact of pets on it. Methods From August 2019 to April 2020, elderly people with sound health records in the community under the jurisdiction of the community health service center of the first people\'\'s hospital of Nanyang city, Henan province were selected to conduct household interview surveys. Results There were 244 widowed elderly people in the community, accounting for 35.47％ of the elderly, and 38.93％ of them kept pets. The physical health score of the widowed elderly was 60.91±25.61 points; the mental and social health score was 62.79±24.70 points. Multivariate linear regression analysis shows that education level, medication use, daily time with pets, daily walk time, unpleasant pets and others, and daily life of pets are the influencing factors of physical health; whether medications are used, how long to stay with pets every day, every day the long time to walk the pet, the unpleasantness that the pet has had with others, and the daily life of caring for the pet are the influencing factors of mental and social health. Conclusion Raising pets can improve both physical and mental health of the widowed elderly and should be encouraged.