英国国家卫生服务制度(National Health Service NHS)是世界上著名的免费医疗保健服务系统。从 1948年建立以来,其卫生组织结构已进行了二次改革。1989年英国政府决定对NHS进行第三次改革,这是40年来对NHS的一次根本改革,其规模远远大于前两次改革。改革于1991年4月正式实行。本文将对英国NHS第三次改革的背景、过程和问题进行基本的描述和分析。一、英国卫生改革的历史回顾 The National Health Service NHS is the world’s leading free healthcare service system. Since its establishment in 1948, its health structure has undergone two reforms. In 1989, the British government decided to carry out the third reform of the NHS. This is a fundamental reform of the NHS in 40 years, and its scale is far greater than the previous two reforms. The reform was formally implemented in April 1991. This article will provide a basic description and analysis of the background, process, and problems of the third NHS reform in the UK. I. Review of the history of British health reform