伟大的物理学家爱因斯坦在20世纪初指出,以速度 v 运动的粒子总能量可按下式计算 E~2=c~2p~2+M~2c~4(式中 c 表示光速,p 表示粒子动量 p=Mv),于是可算出粒子总能量E=±(c~2p~2+M~2c~4)~(1/2).对于粒子能量,所得正解容易理解,但对带有负号的第二个解多数科学家觉得不可思议,甚至认为这个“荒谬”的负解是由爱因斯坦的大意造成的.然而,时年只有 The great physicist Einstein pointed out at the beginning of the 20th century that the total energy of particles moving at velocity v can be calculated as follows: E~2=c~2p~2+M~2c~4 (where c is the speed of light, p It represents the particle momentum p=Mv), so we can calculate the total particle energy E=±(c~2p~2+M~2c~4)~(1/2). For the particle energy, the positive solution is easy to understand, but with the The second solution to the negative sign was felt by many scientists as unimaginable, and even thought that this “ridiculous” solution was caused by Einstein’s carelessness. However, only