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目的分析2011-2015年重庆市南岸区手足口病流行病学及病原学特征,为科学防控手足口病提供参考依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对资料进行统计分析。结果近5年累计报告手足口病13 360例,年均发病率349.52/10万,报告1例重症并死亡病例;5-6月及10-12月为发病高峰;街道(374.68/10万)较镇(283.09/10万)发病率高;男性(395.74/10万)发病率高于女性(300.19/10万);发病年龄主要集中在1~3岁组人群,发病职业主要为散居儿童及幼托儿童,2种职业构成比占97.40%;实验室确诊523例,其中EV71型124例,占23.71%,CA16型164例,占31.36%,其他肠道病毒235例,占44.93%;报告手足口病疫情830起,其中聚集疫情823起,暴发疫情7起,存在聚集疫情多,暴发疫情少的特点;疫情发生场所主要在托幼机构(820起,占98.80%)。结论手足口病有明显的时间、人群、地区聚集特征,应加强疫情及病原学监测,做好社区及托幼机构等重点场所防控工作,减少聚集疫情发生,防止手足口病暴发或流行。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Nanan District, Chongqing City from 2011 to 2015, and provide reference for scientific prevention and control of hand, foot and mouth disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data. Results A total of 13 360 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in recent 5 years, with an average annual incidence of 349.52 / 100 000. One case of severe illness and death was reported. The incidence peaked from May to June and from October to December. Streets (374.68 / 100 000) (283.09 / 100000). The incidence of males (395.74 / 100000) was higher than that of females (300.19 / 100000). The age of onset was mainly in the age group of 1 ~ 3 years old. The onset occupations were mostly diaspora and There were 523 cases diagnosed in laboratory, of which 124 cases were EV71, accounting for 23.71%, 164 cases were CA16, accounting for 31.36% and 235 cases were other enterovirus, accounting for 44.93% There were 830 outbreaks of hand-foot-mouth disease, of which 823 were outbreaks and 7 outbreaks. There were more outbreaks and fewer outbreaks. The outbreaks were mainly in kindergartens (820 cases, accounting for 98.80%). Conclusion Hand, foot and mouth disease has obvious characteristics of time, population and area gathering. Epidemic and etiological monitoring should be strengthened so that prevention and control of key places such as communities and kindergartens should be well done to reduce the outbreak of outbreak and prevent the outbreak or epidemic of HFMD.