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为了探讨环境低浓度石棉接触对居民恶性肿瘤尤其是肺癌和间皮瘤发生的关系，对大姚县部分青石棉污染区３０ 岁以上的农村居民进行了１０ 年回顾性队列调查（１９８７ 年１ 月１ 日１９９６ 年１２ 月３１ 日）。队列人数为３ ３６３ 人，其中男１ ５０３ 人，女１ ８６０ 人。对照选用无青石棉污染的该县龙街乡农民和远离该县２３０ 多公里的禄丰县金山镇农村居民共７ ６３９ 人（男３ ５５０ ，女４ ０８９），观察期９ 年（１９８７ 年１ 月１ 日１９９５ 年１２ 月３１ 日） 。结果发现观察组全肿瘤死亡率为１２５－６４／１０ 万人年，肺癌死亡率为２５－１３／１０ 万人年，相对危险度（ ＲＲ） 分别为１－４０、３－２６ ，差异有显著性（Ｐ＜ ０－０５） 。值得注意的是观察组中有８ 例死于间皮瘤（男５，女３），平均死亡年龄６３ 岁，死亡率为２５－１３／１０ 万人年，ＲＲ＞ １６－３２，差异有极显著性（ Ｐ＜ ０－０１）。提示非职业环境接触青石棉可能会引起恶性肿瘤，尤其是肺癌、间皮瘤的死亡率显著增高
In order to explore the relationship between environmental low asbestos exposure and residents’ malignant tumors, especially lung cancer and mesothelioma, a 10-year retrospective cohort survey of rural residents over 30 years old in some crocidolite-contaminated areas of Dayao County was conducted (January 1987). 1 December 31, 1996). The number of people in the queue was 3 363, of which 1 503 were males and 1 860 were females. A total of 7 639 rural residents (3,550 males and 4 females 089 females) in rural Longjie Township in Lufeng County, a town more than 230 kilometers away from the county, were selected for comparison. The observation period was 9 years (January 1987). 1 December 31, 1995). The results showed that the overall tumor mortality in the observation group was 125-64 per 100,000 person-years, the mortality rate of lung cancer was 25-13 per 100,000 person-years, and the relative risk (RR) was 1-40, 3-26, respectively. The difference was significant. Sex (P< 0-05). It is noteworthy that 8 patients in the observation group died of mesothelioma (male 5, female 3) with an average death age of 63 years, a mortality rate of 25-13 per 100,000 person-years, RR> 16-32, and the difference was extremely significant. Significant (P < 0-01). Prompt contact with crocidolite in a non-professional environment may lead to malignant tumors, especially for lung cancer and mesothelioma.