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工程机械液压系统中常常采用换向阀(有的叫分配阀),利用阀芯和阀体间的相对运动,来变换油液流动的方向,接通或关闭油路。很多工程机械其换向是用手操纵的,用手的力量来克服滑阀内各种阻力使滑阀移动而达到换向目的。在滑阀换向过程中需要克服的阻力有弹簧力G、液压力F液、摩擦力K等。滑阀的复位则是依靠弹簧的作用力,即用弹簧力来克服液动力和摩擦力使其恢复中位。
Hydraulic system of construction machinery often use reversing valve (some called distribution valve), the use of the relative movement between the spool and valve body, to change the direction of oil flow, turn on or off the oil. A lot of construction machinery commutation is hand-manipulated, the power of the hand to overcome the various resistance within the slide valve to move the spool to achieve the purpose of reversing. In the process of valve spool to overcome the resistance need to overcome the spring force G, hydraulic fluid F, friction K and so on. Sliding valve reset is relied on the spring force, that is, with spring force to overcome the hydrodynamic force and friction to make it to its position.