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吴与弼是明朝前期的理学代表人物,他特别强调躬行实践,尤其注重省察克治。他是一位程朱学者,发展了朱熹的心体说,提出“寸心含宇宙,不乐复如何”的心学思想,认为人心可以吞并整个宇宙,宇宙就在我心中。在坚持程朱理气学说的同时,吴与弼还关注陆九渊的心学问题。吴与弼认为心既是一个认识主体,又是一个伦理本体。他既认为仁义礼智本具有于心中,又认为心之外存在着大命,人应听命于天。他的修养方法偏重于“反求于心”。他的学说,通过其弟子陈献章,再传弟子湛若水影响了王守仁,成为王守仁心学的理
Wu and Bi were the representatives of Neo-Confucianism in the early Ming Dynasty. He emphasized the practice of practicing Buddhism in particular, and paid special attention to provincial investigation. He is a Cheng-Chu scholar who developed Zhu Xi’s mind and put forward the thought of a mind that “the heart contains the universe and does not think it over.” He believes that people can swallow the entire universe and the universe is in my heart. While insisting on the doctrine of Cheng-Zhu Qi, Wu and Bi also pay attention to Lu Jiuyuan’s psychology. Wu and Bi believe that the heart is not only a cognitive subject, but also an ethical body. He believes that righteousness and righteousness are in the heart, and that there is a great life beyond the heart, and people should be obedient to heaven. His cultivation method is more emphasis on “anti-heart”. His doctrine, through his disciple Chen Xianzhang, passed on his disciple Zhan Ruoshui affected Wang Shouren, Wang Shouren psychology