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排粪的解剖结构:粪便排出和节制的主要解剖结构是直肠与肛门。自乙状结肠与直肠交界处起,到直肠穿入肛提肌平面止,称直肠壶腹部;自直肠穿入肛提肌平面起,到肛缘止,称肛管(图1)。直肠壶腹部主要功能是贮留粪便和气体。它没有消化功能,但能吸收少量药物,水分、葡萄糖和氨基酸等。粘膜层的杯状细胞分泌粘液、润滑粪便。螺旋形的直肠瓣使直肠内贮留的粪便呈螺旋形运动,压力均等,不致于塞满在直肠下部。直肠壁内有牵张感受器,其数量在直肠壶腹部的上段稀少,下1/3增多,它接受直肠膨胀的刺激,对粪便的排出和节制有重要作用。肛管主司粪便的节制和排泄。排粪时呈管状,不排粪时,呈前后向纵裂,是一个潜在的腔道。肛管粘膜表面湿润,互相粘着,这种粘着力若不被分离,就不能使潜在的腔道开放。
Anatomy of defecation: The main anatomic structures of excretion and fecal control are the rectum and the anus. Since the junction of the sigmoid colon and rectum, to the rectum penetrate the levator ani plane only, said the rectum ampulla; from the rectum into the levator ani muscle plane, to the anal margin, called the anal canal (Figure 1). The main function of the rectum ampulla is to store stool and gas. It has no digestive function, but can absorb a small amount of drugs, water, glucose and amino acids. Mucosal goblet cells secrete mucus and lubricate the stool. The spiral rectum valve causes the stool stored in the rectum to move spirally with equal pressure and will not clog the lower part of the rectum. Rectal wall stretch receptors, the number of rectal ampulla in the upper part of the sparse, the next 1/3, it accepts rectal swelling of the stimulus, the excretion of feces and control have an important role. Anal mastectomy fecal control and excretion. When defecation was tubular, no defecation, was longitudinal cracking, is a potential cavity. Anal canal mucosa surface wet, stick to each other, this kind of adhesion, if not separated, can not make the potential cavity open.