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用批判的眼光探讨哲学问题是众多思想家毕生的事业。形而上学作为古代的思辨哲学自出现之日起就倍受各个时期思想家们的普遍关注,且争议源源不断,对传统形而上学的批判也是马克思研究的课题之一。但马克思不同于其他思想家的特别之处在于他将批判的视阈放在社会历史的背景中,深入挖掘形而上学流传的根源,并揭示出他对传统形而上学批判的反思与结论。研究马克思在社会历史视阈下对形而上学的独特批判能够帮助我们进一步掌握马克思哲学的精华和形而上学带给我们的启发。
Studying philosophical issues with a critical eye is the lifetime of many thinkers. As the ancient speculative philosophy, metaphysics has drawn much attention from the thinkers of different periods since its emergence, and the controversies continue. The criticism of traditional metaphysics is also one of the topics studied by Marx. However, Marx is different from other thinkers in that he puts the critical horizon in the social and historical context, digs through the root causes of metaphysics and reveals his reflection and conclusion on the criticism of traditional metaphysics. Studying Marx’s unique critique of metaphysics from the perspective of social history can help us grasp the essence of Marxist philosophy and the inspiration from metaphysics.