葡萄糖转运子1(GLUT1)是葡萄糖通过血—视网膜屏障的唯一载体。在糖尿病高血糖状态下,高血糖对GLUT1的直接作用呈降调节,视网膜局部缺血缺氧、血管紧张素Ⅱ、血管内皮生长因子等因素对GLUT1的表达呈升调节。上述因素共同调节GLUT1的表达。而GLUT1又可影响葡萄糖代谢、氧化应激等过程,可能参与了糖尿病视网膜病变的发生、发展。 Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) is the only carrier of glucose that passes through the blood-retinal barrier. In the condition of diabetic hyperglycemia, the direct effect of hyperglycemia on GLUT1 is down-regulated, the retinal ischemia and hypoxia, angiotensin Ⅱ, vascular endothelial growth factor and other factors on the expression of GLUT1 was upregulated. These factors together regulate the expression of GLUT1. However, GLUT1 can affect glucose metabolism, oxidative stress and other processes, which may be involved in the occurrence and development of diabetic retinopathy.