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公元前4500年,耕种技术已经从中东传到了西北欧地区,这标志着新石器时代的开始。公元前4000年至公元前2500年,西北欧的人们建造了很多大型的巨石。这些巨石很多用于公共墓地,其他的巨石则立着围成圆圈组成石阵,这些石阵可能是用作某种宗教仪式或者是测算太阳和月亮的运行轨迹的工具。比较大的石阵有英国的巨石阵和法国的卡纳克石阵。这些石阵都告诉我们,在新石器时代,首领们已经能够动员大量的劳动力进行大型的工程了。同时它也向我们勾勒出风俗习惯在西北欧、不列颠和斯堪的纳维亚地区传播的路线。
In 4500 BC, farming techniques have spread from the Middle East to the northwestern Europe, marking the beginning of the Neolithic period. From 4000 BC to 2500 BC, many large-scale boulders were built by people in northwestern Europe. Many of these boulders are used in communal cemeteries, while the other boulders form stone formations in circles that may be used as a religious ritual or as a tool to measure the movement of the sun and the moon. Larger Stonehenge Stonehenge UK and France's Kanak Stone. These stone formations tell us that during the Neolithic period chiefs had been able to mobilize large numbers of workforces to carry out large-scale projects. At the same time, it also gives us a sketch of the routes that customs spread in Western and Northern Europe, Britain and Scandinavia.