上海集体企业改革起步较早 ,先后进行了放权让利、自负盈亏、承包经营责任制、股份合作制等一系列改革 ,取得了一些成功经验。有些经验 ,如承包经营责任制等 ,为国有企业广泛采用 ,推动了国有企业的改革。但近几年集体企业改革步履艰难 ,其根本原因是集体企业没有抓好产权制度? Shanghai's collective enterprise reform started earlier, and successively carried out a series of reforms such as decentralization of power, self-financing, responsibility system for contractual management and joint-stock cooperation, and achieved some successful experiences. Some experiences, such as the responsibility system for contracting management, have been widely adopted by state-owned enterprises and promoted the reform of state-owned enterprises. However, in recent years, the reform of collective enterprises has struggled with difficulties. The fundamental reason is that collective enterprises do not grasp the property rights system.