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一、确立优先发展基础研究的战略方针在戈尔巴乔夫上任前,苏联在发展基础研究方面制订过一些好的政策措施,但实际执行不够,以致于基础研究同应用研究在人员、经费的比例上出现失调现象。1985年以前苏联基础研究和应用研究的比例大约为1:3.1,而发达资本主义国家为1:1.6～1.7。这些情况表明,在勃列日涅夫至契尔年科时期,苏联基础研究发展的一些实际情况同其基础研究政策的要求相左。所以,1985年6月,在全苏科技进步会议上,戈尔巴乔夫强调苏
I. Establishing the Strategic Policy of Prioritizing Basic Research Prior to Gorbachev taking up his position, the Soviet Union formulated some good policies and measures in the development of basic research. However, the actual implementation was not enough so that the basic research and applied research were conducted on the basis of personnel, The proportion of imbalances. Before 1985, the proportion of basic research and applied research in the Soviet Union was about 1: 3.1, compared with 1: 1.6 ~ 1.7 in developed capitalist countries. These facts show that some actual conditions in the development of basic research in the Soviet Union during the Brezhnev-Cherchenko period are contrary to the requirements of their basic research policies. So, in June 1985, Gorbachev emphasized Su at the All-China Science and Technology Progress Conference