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目的:探讨早期应用酚妥拉明治疗高原婴儿肺炎的临床效果。方法:选择2014年3月—2015年3月间我院收治的150例肺炎患儿,随机分为观察组(n=75)和对照组(n=75)。对照组采用基础对症治疗;观察组患儿住院后在对照组基础上再给予酚妥拉明静脉滴注,每次0.2mg/kg酚妥拉明溶解于10%葡萄糖液中进行静脉滴注,2次/天,治疗1周。观察两组临床疗效,记录呼吸急促、咳嗽、啰音完全消失的时间、住院天数等指标。结果:治疗后观察组总有效率85.3%,对照组为64.0%,两组总有效率比较,差异有统计学意义(X~2=8.99,P=0.008)。观察组患儿呼吸急促、咳嗽时间、肺部啰音消失时间以及平均住院时间分别为(3.2±1.4)d、(7.7±2.4)d、(6.1±1.4)d、(8.2±2.1)d,低于对照组相应指标(4.5±1.6)d、(8.9±3.5)d、(7.5±1.1)d、(9.5±2.7)d(P=0.013,P=0.017,P=0.011,P=0.013);观察组患儿出现鼻塞及烦躁不安哭闹等不良反应总发生率为14.7%,对照组为18.7%,且观察组患儿鼻塞的不良反应发生率较对照组高,但是不良反应总发生率没有显著性差异(2=0.43,P=0.52)。结论:早期给予酚妥拉明治疗高原地区婴儿肺炎,可明显改善肺炎婴儿的呼吸急促、咳嗽等症状,加快肺部啰音消失,值得在临床进一步应用。
Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of early application of phentolamine in treating infantile pneumonia in the plateau. Methods: A total of 150 pneumonia patients admitted to our hospital from March 2014 to March 2015 were randomly divided into observation group (n = 75) and control group (n = 75). The control group was treated with symptomatic treatment. The patients in the observation group were given phentolamine intravenously after being hospitalized on the basis of the control group. Each time, 0.2 mg / kg of phentolamine was dissolved in 10% glucose solution for intravenous drip. 2 times / day, treatment for 1 week. The clinical curative effect of the two groups was observed, and the indexes such as shortness of breath, cough, time of complete disappearance of the rales and days of hospitalization were recorded. Results: After treatment, the total effective rate was 85.3% in the observation group and 64.0% in the control group. The total effective rate in the two groups was statistically significant (X ~ 2 = 8.99, P = 0.008). The shortness of breath, cough time, disappearance of pulmonary rales and average length of stay in the observation group were (3.2 ± 1.4) days, (7.7 ± 2.4) days, (6.1 ± 1.4) days, (8.2 ± 2.1) days, Lower than the corresponding index of the control group (4.5 ± 1.6 d, 8.9 ± 3.5 d, 7.5 ± 1.1 d, 9.5 ± 2.7 d, P = 0.013, P = 0.011, P = 0.013) ; The incidence of nasal obstruction and irritability crying and other adverse reactions in the observation group was 14.7%, 18.7% in the control group, and the incidence of nasal obstruction in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, but the total incidence of adverse reactions There was no significant difference (2 = 0.43, P = 0.52). Conclusions: Phentolamine given early to treat infant pneumonia in high altitude area can obviously improve the symptoms such as shortness of breath and cough in infants with pneumonia, and accelerate the disappearance of pulmonary rales. It is worth further clinical application.